UPSC NCERT Class 8th History Book Notes Part 4
1. In Permanent Settlement the rajas and taluqdars were recognised as zamindars.
2. Zamindars collect rent from the peasants and pay to the Company.
3. Mahal – Mahal is a revenue estate which may be a village or a group of villages.
4. Mahalwari system was introduced by – Holt Mackenzie in 1822
5. Village headman collect the revenue from the village (mahal) and pay to company. This system came to be known as the mahalwari settlement.
6. Ryots – cultivators
7. Ryotwari system was introduced by – Captain Alexander Read & Thomas Munro
8. Company directly collect the revenue from the ryots (cultivators)
9. Kalamkari prints – by weavers of Andhra Pradesh
10. Two main systems of indigo cultivation – nij and ryoti.
11. nij cultivation – produced indigo in the land owned directly or rented
12. ryoti cultivation – the planters forced the ryots to sign a contract.
13. Blue Rebellion (नील विद्रोह) – March 1859
14. Gomasthas – agents of planters